Fabric Architecture | Clos architecture, cell switching, VoQ, and distributed large buffer |
Airflow Design | Strict front-to-back |
Device Virtualization | Virtual System (VS) |
Cluster Switch System (CSS) |
Super Virtual Fabric (SVF) |
Network Virtualization | M-LAG |
TRILL |
VXLAN routing and bridging |
EVPN |
QinQ access VXLAN |
VM Awareness | Agile Controller |
VMware NSX |
Network Convergence | FCoE |
DCBX, PFC, and ETS |
Data Center Interconnect | BGP-EVPN |
Ethernet Virtual Network (EVN) for inter-DC Layer 2 network interconnections |
Programmability | OpenFlow |
ENP programming |
OPS programming |
CE modules for Ansible released on open source websites |
Traffic Analysis | NetStream |
Hardware-based sFlow |
VLAN | Adding access, trunk, and hybrid interfaces to VLANs |
Default VLAN |
QinQ |
MUX VLAN |
GVRP |
MAC Address | Dynamic learning and aging of MAC addresses |
Static, dynamic, and blackhole MAC address entries |
Packet filtering based on source MAC addresses |
MAC address limiting based on ports and VLANs |
IP Routing | IPv4 routing protocols, such as RIP, OSPF, IS-IS, and BGP |
IPv6 routing protocols, such as RIPng, OSPFv3, ISISv6, and BGP4+ |
IP packet fragmentation and reassembling |
IPv6 | IPv6 over VXLAN |
IPv6 over IPv4 |
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) |
Path MTU Discovery (PMTU) |
TCP6, ping IPv6, tracert IPv6, socket IPv6, UDP6, and Raw IP6 |
Multicast | IGMP, PIM-SM, PIM-DM, MSDP, and MBGP |
IGMP snooping |
IGMP proxy |
Fast leave of multicast member interfaces |
Multicast traffic suppression |
Multicast VLAN |
MPLS | Basic MPLS functions |
MPLS VPN/VPLS/VPLS over GRE |
Reliability | Micro-segmentation |
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) |
STP, RSTP, VBST, and MSTP |
BPDU protection, root protection, and loop protection |
Smart Link and multi-instance |
Device Link Detection Protocol (DLDP) |
Ethernet Ring Protection Switching (ERPS, G.8032) |
Hardware-based Bi-directional Forwarding Detection (BFD) |
VRRP, VRRP load balancing, and BFD for VRRP |
BFD for BGP/IS-IS/OSPF/Static route |
In-Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) |
Segment Routing (SR) |
QoS | Traffic classification based on Layer 2, Layer 3, Layer 4, and priority information |
Actions include ACL, CAR, and re-marking |
Queue scheduling modes such as PQ, WFQ, and PQ + WRR |
Congestion avoidance mechanisms, including WRED and tail drop |
Traffic shaping |
O&M | Network-wide path detection |
RSPAN/ERSPAN |
Configuration and Maintenance | Console, Telnet, and SSH terminals |
Network management protocols, such as SNMP v1/v2c/v3 |
File upload and download through FTP and TFTP |
BootROM upgrade and remote upgrade |
Hot patches |
User operation logs |
Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) |
Security and Management | 802.1x authentication |
RADIUS and HWTACACS authentication for login users |
Command line authority control based on user levels, preventing unauthorized users from using commands |
Defense against MAC address attacks, broadcast storms, and heavy-traffic attacks |
Ping and traceroute |
Remote Network Monitoring (RMON) |
Operating Voltage | AC: 90V to 290V DC: -38.4V to -72V HVDC: 240V |